äžçã§æãå±éºãªç«å±±
ãœãŒã¹:listas.20minutos.es
ç«å±±ïŒç¥èãªç¥ãã«ã«ã³ããïŒã¯ã硬質å°æ®»ã®äžéšãå°æ®»ã®äžéšã¬ãã«ãšçŽæ¥éä¿¡ããã³ã³ãžããã§ãããŸãããã°ãïŒæº¶å²©ïŒãææã®å
éšãã溶岩ãã¬ã¹ã®åœ¢ã§çŸããå°è³ªåŠçæ§é ã§ããããŸããäžæã¯éåžžããåŽç«ããšåŒã°ããæŽåçãªæŽ»åã®ãšããœãŒãã§çºçããŸããããã¯åŒ·åºŠãæç¶æéãé »åºŠãç°ãªãå ŽåããããŸãã溶岩æµã®å°ç®¡ããéåžžã«ç Žå£çãªççºã«è³ããŸã§ã圌ãã¯äžè¬çã«ãå°äžãã°ãã®å§åã ãã§ãªãã以åã®åŽç«ããã®ç©è³ªã®èç©ã«ãã£ãŠåœ¢æãããç¹åŸŽçãªåé圢ãç²åŸãããç«å±±ã®äžã«ã¯ããã®ç«å£ãã«ã«ãã©ããããŸãã
TOP 19:
ããã³ãã€ã³
ãã®ç«å±±ã¯ãåäœæ°ã«æ·±å»ãªè
åšããããããã€ã³ããã·ã¢ã®ãžã£ã¯å³¶ã«äœçœ®ããŠããŸãã 1772幎ã«ã¯ãæé¢ã«ãã40ã®æãå®å
šã«ç Žå£ããã3000人以äžã®äœæ°ãæ»äº¡ãããç«å±±ã¯ä»æ¥ãŸã§éåžžã«å±éºã§ãããšèããããŠãããè¿ãã«äœå®
ã建ãŠãããšã¯ãå§ãããŸããã 1923幎ãš1942幎ã«ã¯éèŠã§ã¯ãªãå°éãšåŽç«ãç¹°ãè¿ããã2002幎ã«ã¯å±±ã®äžã§ããªã匷ãåãããããŸããã
TOP 18:
æ¡å³¶
1955幎以æ¥ãå®æçã«ä¹å·å³¶ã®ç«å±±ãåŽç«ããŠãããããã¯éåžžã«äººå£ã®å€ãå°åã«äœçœ®ããŠããããã®çç±ãããäžçã§æãå±éºãªå Žæã®äžã€ãšèããããŠãã人ãããã°ããæ±éšãŽã§ã¹ãŽã£ãªããšåŒã¶è
ãããŸããå±±ããæ°ããé¢ããã«ãŽã·ãã«ã¯70äžäººã®äœæ°ãäœãã§ããŸããå°æ¹è¡æ¿ã¯ããã®å°åã§ã¯ãèœã¡ã森ã®éšåãã人ã
ãé ããç¹å¥ãªé¿é£æã建èšããªããã°ãªããŸããã§ãããç«å±±ã®æåŸã®åŽç«ã¯2009幎3æã«è¡ãããŸããã
TOP 17:
ã·ãšã©ã»ãã°ã©
ã¬ã©ããŽã¹è«žå³¶ã§æã倧ããªç«å±±ã®äžã€ïŒã¬ã©ããŽã¹è«žå³¶ãšããŠç¥ãããŠããŸãïŒã¯2005幎ã«æåŸã«åŽç«ããŸãããã¬ã©ããŽã¹è«žå³¶ã¯ç§åŠè
ã«ãã£ãŠäžçã§æã掻çºãªç«å±±çã®äžã€ãšèããããŠããŸããéå»200幎éã«50å以äžã®åŽç«ããã£ãããããŠãæ¯æ¥çŠããããŠããèªç¶çã¯ç Žå£ã®è
åšã«ãããããŠããŸãã
TOP 16:
ãšãã
ããã¯ãšãŒãããã§æã掻çºãªç«å±±ã§ããããã¯ã·ããªã¢ã®æãéœåžã«äœã人ã
ã«ãšã£ãŠæ·±å»ãªè
åšã§ããã 1669幎ã«ã¯æº¶å²©ãåšèŸºã®æãç Žå£ããã·ããªã¢ã®æ±æµ·å²žã®å€ä»£éœåžã«ã¿ãŒãã¢ã®äžéšãèŠãæ¿ããåŽç«ããããŸããã 1992幎ã«ã¯ã2ã€ã®æº¶å²©æµãçŽ8,000人ãäœãåžçºæå
šäœãè
ãããã
TOP 15:
ãã©ã³ãŽã³ãŽ
äžè¬ã«ãåŽç«ããŠããç«å±±ããæµãã溶岩ã¯èŽåœçã§ã¯ãããŸãããç«å±±ã¯æº¶å²©ããã£ãããšæŸåºããŸãããéåžžãåŸã«æ®ãããšãã§ããŸããã³ã³ãŽã®ãžã£ã³ã°ã«ã§ãã®ç«å±±ããæµãåºã溶岩ã¯ãå¥ã®ã€ã¡ãŒãžã§ãã Nyirangongo溶岩ã¯ã溶岩ã®å¢ç²ãšæžéã®åå ãšãªãã·ãªã«ãã»ãšãã©ãããŸããã 2002幎ã溶岩ã¯å£ããé£ã³åºããæ¯æ60ãã€ã«ã®é床ã§éäžããè¿ãã®çºãšè¡çªããŠçŽ50äžäººã®äœæ°ãšãªã£ããå°é家ã¯ã次ã®ç«å±±åŽç«ãåšå²ã®æèœã«ãšã£ãŠèŽåœçã«ãªãæããããããšãæããŠããã
TOP 14:
ã¡ã©ã
å°å
ã®äººã
ãåŒã¶ãã®ãç«ã®å±±ãã¯ãã€ã³ããã·ã¢ã§æãå±éºãªç«å±±ã§ãããå®æçã«åŽç«ããŸãïŒçŽ10幎ã«äžåºŠã 16äžçŽä»¥æ¥ã圌ã¯å®æçã«åšå²ã«äœã人ã
ã殺ããŠãããç«å±±ã®è¿ãã«ã¯ãžã§ã°ãžã£ã«ã«ã¿åžããããæé¢ã«ã¯æšé«1,700ã¡ãŒãã«ä»¥äžã®æããããŸãã 2006幎ã«ã¯çŽ5,000人ãæ»äº¡ãã20äžäººãããŒã ã¬ã¹ã«ãªã£ã
TOP 13:
ã¬ã€ãã¢å±±
14,410ãã£ãŒãã§ãã¬ã€ãã¢å±±ã¯ã¯ã·ã³ãã³ã®äž»èŠèŠ³å
ã¹ãããã§ããå°é家ã«ãããšãããã¯åœå®¶ã«ãšã£ãŠã倧ããªè
åšãšãªããããã300äžäººã足ã«æ²¿ã£ãŠäœãã§ãããäŒæ¢ããŠããç«å±±ããã®ä»¥åã®æ³¥æµã®å
ãéºè·¡ã«å»ºãŠãããçŽ10äžã®å®¶ããããŸãã人é¡ã家çãæ§é ç©ã蟲æ¥ãç°å¢ã«å€§ããªè
åšãšãªããã¹ãŠã®ç«å±±ã§ãæãå±éºãªç«å±±ã®ãªã¹ããå®éã«æ¡å€§ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããå°çãå
å§ãåãé€ãå¿
èŠããããšãã«ç§ãã¡ãã§ããããšã¯æ¬åœã«äœããããŸãã
TOP 12:
ãŽã£ã©ãªã«ç«å±±
Villarrica VolcanoïŒMapucheèšèªã®Rucapillánã粟ç¥ãŸãã¯æªéã®æ¬æ å°ïŒã¯ãåéšã®ã¢ã³ãã¹ã«ããããªã®ç«å±±ã§ããåç±³ã§æã掻çºãªéœåžã®1ã€ã§ããã»ãŒå®å
šãªåé圢ã§ãããã¯stratovolcanoãšããŠåé¡ãããæµ·æ2,847ã¡ãŒãã«ãåºå°ãã2,450ã¡ãŒãã«ã®æšé«ãæã£ãŠããŸããããã¯Villanricaæ¹ãšã«ã©ãã±ã³æ¹ã®éã®CautÃnïŒAraucanÃaã®å°åïŒãšValdiviaïŒå·ã®å°åïŒã®å·ã«äœçœ®ããŠããŸãã
TOP 11:
ChaiténVolcano
ChaiténVolcanoã¯2008幎ã«äžæããããšã決ãããŸã§9000幎ã®æ·±ãç ãã«ãããæ°ããã空ã«æã蟌ãã§ããŸãããçŽ6ããé¢ããåãååã®çºã¯ã措氎ãç°ã®èå»ã«ãã£ãŠèå»ããŸãããããã¯ããã«äœãã§ããçŽ4,500人ã®ããã®æªå€¢ã ã£ãã掻åããŠããªãç«å±±ãäŸç¶ãšããŠå±éºãåŒãèµ·ããå¯èœæ§ãããããšã¯æããã§ãã
TOP 10:
ããŠã³ãã¡ã©ã
ã€ã³ããã·ã¢ã®ãã®ç«å±±ã¯ãäžçã§æã掻åçãªç«å±±ã®äžã€ã§ããéåžžãäžéšã®éãã¯æ®éã§ããã空äžã®é«æž©ã¬ã¹ãç°ãæŸåºããŸããçœç±å²©ããã®åŽé¢ã®äžã€ã«èœã¡ããšä»ãå ãããæè¿ã®æŽå²ãšããŠã¯ã1994幎ã«ã¬ã¹é²ãæã¡äžãããšãã«60人ãæ»äº¡ãã1930幎ã«ã¯åŽç«åŸçŽ1,300人ãæ»äº¡ãããšå ±åãããŠãããã¡ã©ãã®ãµããšã«äœãå°å
äœæ°ã¯ãéãççºãããšéãèŠåãããšä¿¡ããŠããŸãã
TOP 9:
ããããå±±
ç«å£ãããããå±±åšèŸºã®å°å瀟äŒã¯çŸåšèŠ³å
å°ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸããã1991幎ã«ççºããç«å±±ã®ã€ã¡ãŒãžãšã¯ãŸã£ããç°ãªããŸããç«å±±ã¯å°çã®æ°æž©ãæ°åºŠèœã¡ãããç«å±±ç°ãæããç§ã¯ã«ãœã³å³¶ã®åéšã®ããã€ãã®éœåžãåé€ããŸããç±³è»åºå°ã¯ãç°ãæ³¥ãéšã®éšã®ããã«æŸæ£ããããçŽ800人ãæ»äº¡ãããã£ãªãã³ã®çš²äœå°åž¯ã§æ°çŸäžãã«ã倱ããããåäœæ°ãå«ãäœå人ãã®äººã
ãå±±ã®ãµããšã«äœã¿ç¶ããŠããŸãã
TOP 8:
å¯å£«å±±
æ¥æ¬ã®å³¶ã
ã«ã¯çŽ100ã®ç«å±±ããããŸãããããã®ããã€ãã¯æ¯å¹Žéåžžã«æŽ»çºã§åŽç«ããŠããŸããçŸããå¯å£«å±±ã¯1707幎ããç ã£ãŠããã2000幎ãš2001幎ã®äœåšæ³¢ã®æºãã¯åœå±ã«èŠåããŸãããå¯å£«å±±ã¯ãããŸã§ã®ãšããéåžžã«éãã§ãããå°é家ã¯300幎以äžã®ç ãã®åŸãçŽ3000äžäººãäœãæ±äº¬ã代衚ããå±éºããããšæžå¿µããŠããŸããææªã®å Žåã被害é¡ã¯200åãã«ã«ãªããæ»äº¡è
ã®æœåšçå¯èœæ§ããããšãã調æ»ãè¡ãããŠããŸãã
TOP 7:
ãŽã§ã¹ãŽã£ãªå±±
ãã¹ããªå±±ïŒã€ã¿ãªã¢ïŒãã¹ããªå±±èãã©ãã³èªïŒMons VesuviusïŒã¯ããããªæ¹Ÿã®åããããããªåžããçŽ9ããé¢ãããã¹ãã¢ã³åã®æŽ»ç«å±±ã§ããããã¯ãããªã®å·ã«ãããã€ã¿ãªã¢ã®ã«ã³ããŒãã£å°æ¹ã«å±ããŠããŸããããã¯æµ·æ1,871ã¡ãŒãã«ã®æé«ã®é«ããæã¡ãã¢ããã³ã®äž»éã®åã«äžãã£ãŠããŸãã
TOP 6:
CerroMachÃn
CerroMachÃnã¯ãã³ãã³ãã¢ã®ã¢ã³ãã¹å±±èã®äžå€®å±±èã«äœçœ®ããç«å±±ã§ãéšéã®éŠéœã€ãã¬ãšã®è¥¿ãããªãçã«ãããŸããæå¯ãã®éœåžã¯Cajamarcaã7kmå
ã17kmå
ã®Ibagueã35kmå
ã®ã¢ã«ã¡ãã¢ã§ããããã¯ãæµ·æ2750ã¡ãŒãã«ãŸã§ã®é«ãã®3ã€ã®ããŒã ã«å ããŠãååãããããã€ãã®ãªã³ã°ã§æ§æãããŠããŸããããã¯åœ±é¿åã®ããå°åå
ã®éœåžãçºã«äººå£ãå€ããããäžçã§2çªç®ã«å±éºãªç«å±±ãšèããããŠããŸããããã¯ããã°ãã¬ãŒãå·ã®æ¯æµã§ããã³ãšãå·ã«æµãããŸãã
TOP 5:
ã¯ã©ã«ãã¢ç«å±±
ç«ç æµãç«å±±ç°ããã³æŽ¥æ³¢ã®è€åå¹æã¯ããã®å°åã§æ²æšãªçµæããããããã Sebesiã®å³¶ã«ã¯3000人ã®äœæ°ã®äžã«çåè
ã¯ããªãã£ããã¯ã©ã«ãã¢ããçŽ13ããé¢ãããæ°Žé¢ã300km / hã§ç§»åããç«ç æµã¯ãKrakatoaã®åçŽ40kmã®ã¹ããã©æµ·å²žã®Ketimbangã§çŽ1,000人ãæ»äº¡ããããªã©ã³ãåœå±ã«ãã£ãŠç»é²ãããå
¬åŒã®æ»äº¡è
æ°ã¯36,417人ã§ãããã¹ããã©å³¶ã®Teluk BetungãšKetimbangãJavaã®Sirik and Semarangãå«ãå€ãã®éèœãèå»ããã Javaã®Bantenå°åãšSumatraã®Lampongå°åºã¯èå»ããŸãããã¢ããªã«ã®æ±æµ·å²žã«å°çããç«å±±è»œç³ã®æ± ã§ãã€ã³ãæŽã«æµ®ããã§çºèŠããã人éã®éªšæ ŒçŸ€ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãåŽç«ã®1幎åŸã§ããå€ãã®å ±åããããŸãã Javaã®ããã€ãã®åå°ã«ã¯ããäžåºŠã¯äœãã§ããŸããã§ããã圌ãã¯åã³ãžã£ã³ã°ã«ãšãªããçŸåšãŠãžã¥ã³ã»ã¯ãã³åœç«å
¬åãæ§æããŠããŸãã
TOP 4:
ãã€ã
äžçæ倧ã®ç«å±±ã®äžã€ã¯ã«ããªã¢è«žå³¶ïŒã¹ãã€ã³ïŒã®äžã€ã§ãããããªãã§å³¶ã®ããã©ãã€ã¹ãã«ãããŸãããããŠçŸæç¹ã§ã¯ãŸã 掻åããŠããªãããè¿ãå°æ¥ãåŽç«ã®å±éºæ§ã¯éåžžã«å€§ããããã®ç Žå£çãªåã¯ãèšåããããã¹ããŠã¹ãšããæ¯èŒã§ããªããåœéç«å±±åŠäŒã¯ãå°çäžã§æãå±éºãªç«å±±ã®1ã€ã§ãããšèšããŸããã
TOP 3:
ãããã»ãã«ã»ã«ã€ã¹
ããã¯1985幎11æã«ççºããåã«å°éãåŒãèµ·ãããã«ã€ã¹ã»ãããç«å±±ã®ãããªãšã³ãžã³ã®ãŠã©ãŒã ã¢ããã®ããã§ããããããç«å£ãã解æŸãããææã¯ããã³ããŒããšãšãã«æŸåºãããã¹ããŒãã£ãããšç±ãæ³¥ã溶ãããŸããããã®çºã§1,927人ã殺ãããã 2床ç®ã®è¿œæŸãåãéãéãæããã¢ã«ã¡ãåžãæ¶ããçŽ23,000人ãæ»äº¡ãããã³ãã³ãã¢ã§ã¯ãããŸã§ã«èªç¶ãåå ã§èµ·ãã£ãææªã®çœå®³ã§ãããå°é家ã¯ã人åœã®åªå€±ãé²ãããã®æ©æèŠæã·ã¹ãã ã®ç¢ºç«ãæ±ããŠããã
TOP 2:
ããã«ãããã«
El Popoã¯åã¢ã¡ãªã«ã§2çªç®ã«é«ã掻ç«å±±ã§ãã 2000幎ã«åŽç«ãããã1920幎代ã«ã¯ãã掻çºã ã£ããç«å±±ã®è¥¿åŽã«ã¯çŽ200äžäººã®äœæ°ãäœãã§ããŠããã®äŒç ã¢ã³ã¹ã¿ãŒã®èŠãã¿ã¯ç©ºãèŠãç°ã®çœå®³ãæå³ãããæ³¥ã®ã¹ã©ã€ãããããŠãã®çäžã®è°·ã®ããã®æªå€¢ã
TOP 1:
ã¹ãŒããŒãã«ã±ãŒã€ãšããŒã¹ããŒã³
æãæ¿ããåŽç«ã¯210äžå¹Žåã«èµ·ãã£ããããã¯2450km3ã®ç«å±±ææãåŽåºããåæã«Huckleberry Ridge Tobaã®å°è³ªåŠç圢æãäœãåºããã 280km3ã®ç©è³ªãè¿œãæã£ãããŸãéèŠã§ãªãåŽç«ã¯120äžå¹Žåã«èµ·ããã島å
¬åã«ã«ãã©ãšã¡ãµæ»ã®å°è³ªåŠç圢æãããããããçŽ640,000幎åã3çªç®ã®ç«å±±åŽç«ã¯ã岩ç³ããã®ä»ã®åŽç«ç©è³ªïŒ1000km³ïŒããç«å±±ç°ãèŠã£ããã¢ã¡ãªã«è¥¿éšã®ãã¹ãŠããã®äžå¿éšã®äžéšã§ããã倪平æŽæ²¿å²žããã³ã¡ãã·ã³ã«ãåãã§ããŸãããã®å€§æšäºã®åŸããã¹ããªç«å±±ã®åŽç«ã¯79幎ã«3000åããããã¯1980幎ã«ã¯ã»ã³ãã»ãã¬ã³ãºåŽç«ããã1000å匷åã§ã45ããã¡ãŒãã«ã®å€§ããã®å·šå€§ãªã«ã«ãã©ã®ãŸãŸã§ãã£ããåŽç«ã¯ãŸãããã¥ãã¡ã«ãã£ãŠåœ¢æãããLava Creek TuffãšåŒã°ããå°è³ªåŠçå°å±€ã«ãé©çšãããŸãã
ãã®ä»ã®ãªã¹ã