æŽå²äžæãéèŠãªå¥³ç
ãœãŒã¹:listas.20minutos.es
ãããã¯ãæŽå²äžæãéèŠã§ãããšèããããŠãã女çã®äžéšã§ããåçã¯ãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢ã«æ ç¹ã眮ãæåãªã€ã®ãªã¹äººåç家ãã¢ã¬ã¯ã·ã¢ã·ã³ã¯ã¬ã¢ã®äœåã§ãã圌ã®åçã¯ç·šéããã°ã©ã ã®èŠçŽã§ãããåžžã«åçã®è°è«ã匷åããããã®ããŠããŠãšé«å質ã®é°å²æ°ãäŸç€ºããŠããŸãã
TOP 12:
ã¢ã°ãªãã
ãžã¥ãªã¢ãŽã£ããµãã¢ã¢ã°ãªããïŒããããOppidum Ubiorumã15 AD-â 59 ADïŒã¯ãæ¯èŠªãšåºå¥ããããã«è¥ãã¢ã°ãªãããšããŠããç¥ãããŠãããã²ã«ããã¯ã¹ã®é·å¥³ã§ããããã«ã³ã¢ã³ãããªãšãªã¯ã¿ãŽã£ã¢ã®äž¡æ¹ã®æé·å«ã§ããã¢ã°ãªããã§ãããã¢ãŠã°ã¹ãã¥ã¹ã®åŠ¹ã圌女ã¯ãŸããã«ãªã°ã©ã®åŠ¹ãã¯ã©ãŠãã£ãŠã¹ã®åŠ»ãããã®æ¯èŠªã§ããããŸããã AD 28幎ãããã13æ³ã§ã圌女ã¯åããŠããŒãé äºã¢ãããã«ãã¹ãšçµå©ããŸããã ãã¢ã°ãªããããšç§ãšã®çµåããåºãŠããã®ã¯1å¹ã®æªç©ã ãã ããšåœŒã®å°æ¥ã®æ¯åã«ã€ããŠèšã£ãã®ã¯åœŒã§ããããããŠçµåãããNeroãšããŠç¥ãããLucio Domicio AhenobarboãçãŸããŸããã ADã®1æ40æ¥ã25æ³ã§12æ³ã§çµå©ããã¢ã°ãªããã¯åããŠæªäº¡äººã«ãªããŸããã圌女ã®å
åŒã«ãªã°ã©ãçåžã«ãªã£ããšãã圌女ãšåœŒå¥³ã®2人ã®å§åŠ¹ã¯ãç宀ã ããæã€ããšãã§ããç¹å®ã®ç¹æš©ã楜ãã¿å§ããŸãããã¢ãããã«ãã¹ãšçµå©ããŠããããã¢ã°ãªããã¯å§åŠ¹ãšåæ§ã«åœŒå¥³ã®å
åŒãšæ§çé¢ä¿ãæã£ãŠããŠãåããçµå©ããŠãã圌女ã®å§åŠ¹ã§ãããã«ã·ã©ããªãã©ãªã©ã®æ³å»·ã®ã¡ã³ããŒãšåœŒå¥³èªèº«ã売æ¥ãããã¢ã°ãªãããã享åããŠããç¹æš©ã¯ãã«ãªã°ã©ã®ãæ°ã«å
¥ãã®åŠ¹ã§ãããã«ã·ã©ã®æ»åŸã姿ãæ¶ãå§ããŸããããã®åºæ¥äºã®åŸãçåžã¯ç²Ÿç¥ç
ã«èŠãã¿å§ããã¢ã°ãªããŒãã¯å
ã«å«ãããŸããã圌女ã®æ¯èŠªãšåããããéå¿çãªã¢ã°ãªããŒãã¯ã圌女ã®å
åŒãä»åœŒå¥³ã«æäŸããŠããªãç¹æš©ãç¶ããããšæã£ãŠããŸããããã®ããã圌ã®æ人ã§ããGetulio Lentuloã圌ã®åŠ¹ã§ããLivilaããããŠæ人ã§ãã寡婊ã®çŸ©çã®ã¬ãããããã®ç掻æ§åŒãåãæ»ãããšããèšç»ã«å ãããŸãããã«ãªã°ã©ã¯æéããããŠèšç»ãçºèŠããã¬ããã®æ»ãšè£å€åŸã®åœŒã®äºäººã®å§åŠ¹ã®äº¡åœãåœãããã¢ã°ãªããã¯ãç¶æ¹ã®åæ¯ã®äžè©±ãããããã«ããŒãã«çãŸã£ãæ¯åããé¢ããŠãæ人ã®äžäººã®ç°ãéã¶ãšããå
¬ã®å±èŸ±ãã亡åœãå§ããŸãããããã¯åœŒããã³ãã£ã¢å³¶ã«åããŠåºèªããæ¹æ³ã§ãããã«ãªã°ã©ã®æ®ºå®³ãšåœŒã®åç¶ã¯ã©ãŠãã£ãªã®çåžãšããŠã®ä»»åœã¯ãã¢ã°ãªããã®ããŒããšåœŒå¥³ã®å§åŠ¹ãžã®åŸ©åž°ã«ã€ãªãããŸãããã¢ã°ãªããã¯æ¯åãšåäŒããåŸããã€ãŠã®çŸ©åŒã®ã«ãšã»ãµã«ã¹ãã£ãªã»ãã·ãšãã»ã¯ãªã¹ããšçµå©ããAD 27ãš44ã®éã§é äºãåããŸããã圌ã亡ããªã£ããšããAD 47ã®åã«ã圌ã¯æ¯æ®ºããããšåãããŠããŸããããŸããŸããã¢ã°ãªããã¯åœŒå¥³ã®åç¶ã§ããçåžãšãã芪å¯ãªé¢ä¿ãç¯ããŠããŸãããåŸè
ã¯ãæ¯åãšåšã®æ¯èŠªã§ãã劻ã®ã¡ãµãªãŒãã圌ã«äžèª å®ã§ããããšãçºèŠããåŸãåç¶ãšå§ªã®çµå©ãéæ³ã§è¿èŠªçžå§Šã§ããã«ããããããã圌女ãåŠåããŠå§ªãšçµå©ããããšã決ããããã®åé¡ã¯å
èé¢ã®ç¹å¥åæã«ãã解決ããã34æ³ïŒè¥¿æŠ40幎ïŒã§åç¶ã®ã¯ã©ãŠãã£ãŠã¹çåžãš3床ç®ã®çµå©ãããŸãããããã«ã圌ã¯æ¯åã«åœŒã®æ°ãã矩å§ããªã¯ã¿ãŽã£ã¢ãšçµå©ããããã«å¿ åããŸããããªãã¢ã«æ¬¡ãçåãšãªãŒã¬ã¹ã¿ã®ç§°å·ãç²åŸãã䞊å€ããåèªãšç¹æš©ãåŸãåŸãã¢ã°ãªããã¯å€«ã«çç©åŠçæ¯åã®ä»£ããã«æ¯åã§ãããããçžç¶äººãšããŠæ¡çšãããã説åŸããŸããã ããããŠãããã¯èµ·ãããŸããã圌女ã®ç®çãéæããåŸã圌女ã¯å€«ã«ããã³ã§æ¯æ®ºããããã«åœãããšèšãããŸããããããã16æ³ã§çåžã«ä»»åœããããšããã¢ã°ãªãããŒãã¯åœŒãšæ§çé¢ä¿ãæã£ãŠãããšèšãããæ¯åã䜿çšãããšããæŽå²çãªèšŒæ ã¯ãããŸããã ãããŒããæ¯é
ãããã¹ãšãããŠã¹ã¯ããããæ¯èŠªãå°ããã€ãµããŒãããããŒãã¹ãéäœãããŠäº¡åœããããšè
ãããšèª¬æããŠããŸãã圌女ã¯åœŒã«çç±ãäžãã圌ã®é·å¹Žã®ã€ã®ãªã¹ã®çŸ©çã«è¿ã¥ããŸããã宎äŒäžã«æ®ºå®³ãããåŸã圌女ã®åœ±é¿åã¯èããäœäžããçå±
ãå»ãããæåŸ
ãããããããŒãµããŒããæ¯åã®ããŒãããŒãšããŠçå±
ã«å°çããã®ã¯ãã¢ã°ãªãããŒãã®çµããã§ãããããã¢ã¯ããã«ãå°æ¥ã®çŸ©æ¯ãæ¯åã«åœ±é¿ãäžãã圌ã®ããŒãºãæºããããšã«æ°ã¥ããŸãããããã¥ã¢ã¯ãããããŸãåãå
¥ããããªãã£ãããšãç¥ã£ãŠãããã«æ¯èŠªã殺ããã説åŸããŸãããæåã«ã圌ã¯åœŒå¥³ãæ°åæ¯æ®ºããããšããŸããããããã圌女ã¯åœŒå¥³ãäžã«ç ã£ãŠããéã«èªåã®éšå±ã解äœããã€ããã§ãããã圌女ã¯ãã®èšç»ãçºèŠããæ¯åãšæ¿æããŸããã圌ãšæ¯èŠªã®éã®æªãé¢ä¿ãå©çšããŠãããã¯å解ããããã«åœŒå¥³ãè¹ã«æåŸ
ããŸãããåãå
¥ãã圌女ã¯ãæ¯åã®æå³ã圌女ãäžã«å
¥ããŠæ²ããããšã§ãããšã¯æ³åãããŠããŸããã§ãããåã³ãã¢ã°ãªããã¯èšç»ãçºèŠããæ°Žæ³³ã§éããŸããã絶æçãªçåžã¯æ¯èŠªãæ¶ç©ºã®é°è¬ã®äžå¡ã§ãããšéé£ããåŠåãããŸãããããã®éåžžã«èãæãããç¯çœªã®è©³çŽ°ã¯äžæã§ãã圌ã®æ»ã¯ã圌女ã®æ¯åãçã§ãããã©ããã¢ã°ãªãããã«ãã£ãŠå°ãããããšãã圌ãã¯ã圌ã¯çã§ãããã圌ã¯æ¯èŠªã殺ãã ããããšèšã£ãã«ã«ãã¢ã®å æè¡åž«ããã®äºèšãæºãããŸããããããã®èšèãèããåŸã圌女ã¯ããªã¯ã·ããŒãããã ã»ã€ã³ãã¬ããïŒããšçããŸããã ïŒåœŒãåèšããŠããéãã圌ã«ç§ã殺ãããŠãã ããïŒïŒæ®ºäººè
TOP 11:
ããŒãã£ã«
ããŒãã£ã«ã¯ã60幎代ãã61äžçŽã«ãããŠã®ããŒãã®å é ã«å¯Ÿããæ倧ã®åä¹±ã®æäžã«ãé£äººã®ããªããã³ãã¹ãå«ãããŸããŸãªã€ã®ãªã¹ã®éšæãçããã€ã»ãã®æŠå£«ã®å¥³çã§ããã C.ãçåžããã®æ²»äžäžããããã®åºæ¥äºã¯ããšããã2人ã®æŽå²åŠè
ãã¿ããã¥ã¹ïŒåœŒã®å¹Žä»£èšãšããªãªã¢ã°ãªã³ã©ã®ç涯ïŒãšãã£ãªã³ã«ã·ãªïŒããŒãå²ïŒã«ãã£ãŠãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãããŸããããã®ååã¯ãåå©ããæå³ããŸãããããã£ã«ãããã¥ã€ã«ããã³ãã¥ã«ããŸãã¯ã©ãã³èªã®Boadiceaã§ç¥ãããŠããŸãã
TOP 10:
ãšãªã¶ãã¹ã»ããŒã¹ãªãŒ
ãšãªã¶ãã¹ã»ããŒããªã¯å¥³çã§ã¯ãããŸããã§ããã圌女ã¯äžé£ã®åçã圌女ã®ç¬ç¹ã®æŽå²ã®ããã«åœŒå¥³ãå«ããŠããŸããå€ãã®å ŽåãçŸå®ã¯ç§ãã¡ãè¶
ãããã©ãŒæ ç»ããåºãŠããããã«èŠãããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒãç§ãã¡ã«äžããŸããæ ç»ã§ã¯ãåžè¡é¬Œã¯ãã¡ã³ã®ãæ°ã«å
¥ãã®çãç©ã§ãããããããçŸå®ãèããæ±ãã®ããžã§ã³ã§ã¯ããã®ãããªãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã¯ç€ŸäŒçãŸãã¯å¿ççãªãšã©ãŒã«ãããŸããããããã圌女ã®åžè¡é¬Œãšé£ç¶æ®ºäººç¯ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯æ¬åœã§ããïŒãã«ã«ã³å島ã§æã匷åã§æã匷åãªå®¶æã®1人ã§ãæ¢æ©å¿ãç女ããã³ã¬ãªãŒã®éŠçžïŒåœŒã®ç¶èŠªïŒã§æ§æãããŠããŸãããšãªã¶ãã¹ããŒããªãŒã¯1560幎ã«çãŸããããããã¯ã©ãã€ã§æŽå ãããã®åããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã®ãªã³ã¯ãšããŠæ©èœãããŠã©ããããã¹ã®å®¶æãšã®ã€ãªãããæã£ãŠããŸãããåäŸã®é ããããŠããã€ãã®æç« ãæããã«ããŠããããã«ããšãªã¶ãã¹ã»ããŒããªãŒã¯ããã®æã®æªç¥ã®ç
æ°ã«ãã£ãŠåŒãèµ·ããããé床ã®çºäœãçµéšããŸãããå€ãã®æŽå²å®¶ã¯ããã®ç
æ°ã¯ããçš®ã®ç²Ÿç¥ç
ã«ãã£ãŠæªåããäžçš®ã®è²§è¡ã§ãããšèããŠããŸããä»ã®äººã¯ä»£ããã«ãŠãããã®ãããªä»ã®åœ±é¿ããŸãã¯çŸæç¹ã§ã¯è©³çŽ°ã«èª¬æã§ããªãä»ã®åœ±é¿ã«èµ·å ãããšèããŠããŸãããšãªã¶ãã¹ããŒããªãŒã¯ãåžåœããã«ã·ã£ã®éšæã«å¯ŸããŠç¶ããéäºãšã15æ³ã§ãã³ã¬ãªãŒã®ãã§ã¬ã³ããã¹ãã·ã¥ãã£äŒ¯çµãšã®åœŒå¥³ã®åŒ·å¶çµå©ã®ããã«ã人éãè¶
ãã幌幎æãéãããŸããããããã®åºæ¥äºã®åŸã䌯çµã¯å§ãæ¡çšããããããšãªã¶ãã¹ã¯åœŒå¥³ã®ååãšçå ãå®ããŸãããç©èªãèªãããã«ããšãªã¶ãã¹ãšã¢ãŒã«ã¯ã圌ãã®ç¶èŠªããæåŸ
ããã幞ããªã«ããã«ã§ã¯ãããŸããã§ããã倫劻ã¯ãã³ã¬ãªãŒã®ããã©ã«ãããã§ã»ã€åã«äœãã§ããããšãç¥ãããŠããŸãããšãªã¶ãã¹ã»ããªããªãŒã¯ãç¥å
ãšåæ§ã«ããã³ã¬ãªãŒã®ãªã«ã«ãçµç¹ã«å±ããŠããŸãããããã¯ãé女ã®çã®æªãææããŠãã圌女ã®å¬äœ¿ãã®äžäººã§ãããã«ã«ã«ãã£ãŠåœŒå¥³ã®èžè¡ã«å°ããã€èªçºãããŸãããåã§ã¯ããã®æ³šæããã©ã³éšå£«å£ã«é¢é£ä»ããããã€ãã®æçŽãèŠã€ãããŸãããããã¯ãæãèžè¡ãšè¡ã®äžã§ãŽã©ãããã¹ãçã¿åºãããã®ãšåããã®ã§ãã圌女ã®ã¡ã€ããšã¬ã€ãã®ãã«ã«ãšé·ãæéãéããããããç§ã¯ããã«ãªã«ã«ãã«å
¥ããä¿¡ããããªãã»ã©ã®å¥åŠãªãµãã£ãºã ãç®èŠããããŸããã圌女ã®å€«ã®äžåšã®é·ãæéãšæ¥ã¯ã䌯çµå€«äººã極端ã«ããæã
è¥ãæ人ãã¡ãã·ã£ã€ãã®æ§ã
ãªå·ã«é£ããŠè¡ããŸããããšãªã¶ãã¹ã»ããŒããªãŒã«ã¯ã15æ³ã®ãšãã«ã圌女ã«ã€ããŠããŸãç¥ãããŠããªãåšãããããšãããã£ãŠããŸããã¯ã¬ãªããã©ã®ããã«ããšãªã¶ãã¹ããŒããªãŒã¯åœŒå¥³ã®äœã®å€èŠ³ãšèæ å¿ã«å€§ããªãã ãããããã圌女ã®èã®å¹Žéœ¢ãèŠãŠãäžåºŠããæããŠããªããšããäºå®ããã圌女ã¯è¥ããåãæ»ãããã«ååŒãããããšãèããŸããããããã£ãŠã圌ã圌ã®äžåãªååŒã®ç ç²è
ãåŸããšãããšãªã¶ãã¹ã»ããŒããªãŒã¯åœŒã®è¡ã济ã³ãŠããŸããããããããããã¯è¥ãã®ç§èš£ã§ãããèã«çåœãåãæ»ããšä¿¡ããŠããã®ã§ããããåæã«ãæªé䞻矩ã®å¿ãŸãããéåãéå§ããæã匷åãªåŒãéã¯ã1600幎ã®å€«ã®æ»ã§ããããã§ããšãªã¶ãã¹ããŒããªãŒã¯åœŒå¥³ã®æ®èè¡çºã解ãæŸã¡ãŸããã圌ãããæåã®ããšã¯ã圌女ã®åã®å°æã®èå±ã®ããã¯ã«åœŒå¥³ãæããããšã«ãã£ãŠåœŒã®çŸ©æ¯ã殺ãããšã§ãããç宀è·è¡ã«å±ããããå€ãã®ææžã§ã圌ã¯çå
ããŠåœŒå¥³ã殺害ãé èœããããã«å¥ã®åœã«éã£ãããã«èŠããããããã®äºä»¶ã®åŸã圌ã¯åã®äœ¿çšäººå
šå¡ããµãã£ã¹ãã£ãã¯ãªååŒã§å¶éãªãã«æ·åããããšã決ãããç·æ§ãšå¥³æ§ã®äž¡æ¹ã§ãšãªã¶ãã¹ã»ããŒããªãŒã¯æ§çé¢ä¿ãæã£ãŠããŸããããçµå±ãéœäŒåºèº«ã®è¥ãç·æ§ãèåŸ
çãªååŒã«äœ¿çšããããã®è¡ã«é£¢ããæ·åã«çµãããŸããã圌ã¯æ§ççŽç²ãã§åœŒã¯è¥è¿ãã®è¡ãä¿åããããšè¿°ã¹ãã®ã§ã圌ã¯ãããã®è¥è
ãåŠå¥³ã§ããããšãå°ããŸãã圌ãã䌯çµå€«äººãšäžç·ã«åã§åããé貚ã皌ããšããèšãèš³ã§ãå·äºãšãã«ã«ã¯æ°å¹ŽéçŸããä¹å¥³ãšéšå£«ãæäŸããŸããã圌ã®è¡ãžã®æžãã¯æ¥ã
ãŸããŸã倧ãããªãããã¯ãå¬äœ¿ãã ãã§ã¯ååã§ã¯ãªãã圌ã®æ¯æ¥ã®è¡åã¯ããã²ã©ããã®ã§ããããã®ããã圌ã®ååŒã®ããã«ç宀ã®è²Žæã®è¥è
ãé£ããŠè¡ãããšã«æ±ºããŸããã圌ã®å·çãå€ãããŠã圌ã¯èªåèªèº«ãç²ç®ã«ããŠãäžæ³šæãªè¡åãç¯ããŸãããæ°å¹Žãã»ãŒ10幎ã®éã«ã貎æã«å¯ŸããŠéåžžã«å€ãã®å¶æªãªè¡çºãè¡ã£ãã®ã§ãåãèŠèœãšãããã£ããããçåžã®è³ã«éãããŸã§ãåãçæãæ³å»·å
šäœã«åºãŸããŸãããç¿æãåãçåžããã¥ãšã«ãžãŒãã«ãŸäŒ¯çµã«ãã¹ãŠã®åé¡ãçªãæ¢ããããã®èª¿æ»ãäŸé ŒããŸããããã§ã«1610幎12æ30æ¥ã䌯çµã¯åœŒå¥³ã®èšŒæ ãå
¥æããããã«ãã·ã£ã€ãåãžã®é åŸãåœããŸããã
TOP 9:
ã¢ãããŒãã®ãšãªãã¢
ãšã¬ãã¢ã»ãªãã»ã¢ãããŒãïŒã¢ãªãšããŒã«ã»ããããŒããŸãã¯ãšã¬ãªããŒã¬ã»ãã»ã®ãšã³ãïŒãã©ã³ã¹èªïŒãŸãã¯ãšã¬ãã¢ã»ãªãã»ã¢ãããŒãïŒè±èªïŒïŒïŒãã¯ããšã1122幎-ãã©ã³ãã¥ãŽããŒã©ãã€ã1204幎4æ1æ¥ïŒã圌女ã¯ã¢ãããŒãå
¬çµãšã¬ã€ãšãå
¬çµå€«äººãšã¬ã¹ã³ããŒäŒ¯çµå€«äººã§ããããã©ã³ã¹ãšã€ã®ãªã¹ã®å¥³çã³ã³ãœãŒãã§ããããŸããã
TOP 8:
ã¢ã¬ã¯ãµã³ãã©ã»ãããã
AlejandraFiódorovnaRománovaïŒãã¯ããªã¢ã¢ã¬ãã³ãã©ãã¬ãã«ã€ã¶ãã¢ããªã¹ãããã»ãã«ã ã·ã¥ã¿ããçãŸãïŒïŒ*ãã«ã ã·ã¥ã¿ããã1872幎6æ6æ¥-â ãšã«ããªã³ãã«ã¯ã1918幎7æ17æ¥ïŒã 10æé©åœåã®ãã·ã¢ã®æåŸã®çåã圌ã®åŠ¹ã€ã¶ãã«ãã£ãªãããããšãã·ã¢ã®å€§å
¬ã»ã«ãžãªã¢ã¬ã¯ãµã³ãããããã®å©çŽã«ç¶ããŠã圌ã¯æªæ¥ã®ãã³ã©ã¹2äžã«åºäŒãããã®åŸã1894幎11æ26æ¥ãéåžžã«çŽåŸã«çµå©ãããšãã«æé«æœ®ã«éãã匷åºã§ããã³ããã¯ãªé¢ä¿ã確ç«ããŸãããçåžã¢ã¬ã¯ãµã³ãã«3äžã®æ»ã®ããã·ã¢ã®å€§è¡ã¯ãæ°ããçåãé»ãåå
ãšããŠæ£ºã®åŸãã«æ¥ããšæã£ãã Nicholas IIã¯AlixãSunnyãšåŒãã§ãããã©ã¡ããçã®ç¡ç§ã®æãå
¬èšããŸããããã®èšŒæ ã¯ãããããã®æŽå²ãçãæ®ãã§ãããè±å¯ãªå¯Ÿå¿ã§ãã圌ã®åäž»ã®äœå±
ã¯ããšãããããµã³ã¯ãããã«ãã«ã¯ãã20 kmé¢ããããã£ãµãªã³2äžã倧çããã¡ã«ã¹ã³ãšã»ããŒã«ãã£ãŠå»ºãŠããã宮殿å
ã«ãããŸããã倫婊ã«ã¯5人ã®åäŸãããïŒãªã«ã¬ïŒ1895â1918ïŒãã¿ãã¢ãïŒ1897â1918ïŒãããªã¢ïŒ1899â1918ïŒãšã¢ãã¹ã¿ã·ã¢ïŒ1901-1918ïŒãã¶ã¬ãããã¢ã¬ã¯ã·ã¹ïŒ1904-1918ïŒã圌女ã®å€«ã第äžæ¬¡äžç倧æŠäžã«åç·ã«è¡é²ãããšãã圌女ã¯ãã·ã¢ã®æå¹ãªæ¿åºã ããåŒãåããŸããã圌女ã¯é²è¡äžã®ç€ŸäŒçããã³æåçå±æ©ã«å¯ŸåŠããããšãã§ããã圌女ãè¡ã£ã倧è£ã®ä»»åœã¯å€±æãã圌女ã®ãã€ãã®å°äœã¯åœŒå¥³ãäžäººæ°ã«ããŸããã圌ã¯åœã«æ²æ³ãäžãããšããèãã«ç²ã匷ãå察ããã圌ã®ååããªå§¿å¢ã¯ãã«ã·ã§ããã®æµãã«éãã£ãŠããã 1917幎2æã«ãã·ã¢é©åœãèµ·ãã£ããšããäžé¢ã¯ãã³ã©ã¹2äžã«ã¢ãªãã¯ã¹ã«ããããããéäœããããèªå°ãããã®å¹Žã®8æã«å
šå¡ãå»ã£ããã¡ã«ã¹ã³ãšã»ãã®ã¢ã¬ã¯ãµã³ãã«å®®æ®¿ã§å€«ãšåäŸãã¡ã«ç£çŠãããŸããã ããããªã¹ã¯ãã·ããªã¢è¡ããç¿å¹Žã®æ¥ã圌ãã¯ãšã«ããªã³ãã«ã¯åžã«ç§»éããã1918幎7æ17æ¥ã®æ©ãæéã«ã€ãããšãéžã®å°äžã§åŠåãããŸããã1990幎代ã®ãœããšãäœå¶ã®åŽ©å£åŸã圌ãã¯ãµã³ã¯ãããã«ãã«ã¯ã®ãµã³ããšãã倧èå ãšãµã³ããŠãã«ããéºè·¡ã¯ã倫ãšåš3人ãšäžç·ã«æãèµ·ããããŠåããããŸããã圌女ã¯æ£æäŒã«ãã£ãŠæ®æè
ãšããŠæ£èŠåãããŸããã
TOP 7:
ãªãªã³ãã¢
ãªãªã³ãã¢ïŒçŽå
å375幎-çŽå
å315幎ïŒã¯ããã±ããã¢ã®ãã£ãªãã2äžçã®äž»åŠ»ã§ãããã¢ã¬ããµã³ããŒå€§çã®æ¯ã§ããã圌女ã¯ãçŸåšã®ã®ãªã·ã£ã®å西ã«ãããšããã®å°åã§ãã¢ãã·ã¢ã®çããšããã®ããªããã¬ã¢1äžã®åšã§ããããªãªã³ãã¢ã®ç涯ã«é¢ããå€ãã®èäœã¯ä¿åãããŠããŸãããæŽå²å®¶ã¯æã«ããããã€ãã®ç Žçããåãé€ããªããã°ãªããŸããã§ããããããã圌ã®æµã«ãã£ãŠãç¹ã«ã«ããµã³ããŒã§ãã£ããã¹ãŠã®æãå倧ãªäººã
ã«ãã£ãŠåºããããäŒèª¬ããããŸãã圌女ã¯æŽåçã§ç¥çµççã§è¿·ä¿¡çãªå¥³æ§ã ã£ããšèšãããŠããŸãã圌ã®ææ®äžã§ã圌ã®æ代ã®ããã€ãã®ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã殺ãããŸããããªãªã³ãã¢ã¯åœŒã®æ代ã®ä»ã®çãã¡ãšåãããšããããã€ãŸããå¯èœãªã©ã€ãã«ãæé€ããæ¿çãå®è¡ããã圌女ã®æ§å§ã¯ããªãã»ãã§ããã®ããã«åä»ãããããããªã¢ã¢ã®åšã§ãããã¢ãã¬ã¹ã®å¢ã§ç ç²ã«ãªã£ãè¥ã女æ§ã«æ¬æãè¡šããŠããã£ãªãããšçµå©ãããšãã圌女ã¯èªåã®ååãMyrtaleã«å€æŽãããã£ãªããããã®å Žæã§ç²åŸããåå©ãšåœŒã®æ¯åã®Alexanderã®èªçã®æ¥ã«èµ·ãã£ãåå©ãèšå¿µããŠãåŸã§åã³Olympiaã«å€æŽããŸãããé·å¹Žã«ãããã圌ã¯ã©ã€ãã«ã®ãšãŠãªã¥ãã£ãã§ïŒãã±ããã¢ã®ã«ããµã³ããŒã®åŸç¶è
ã®åçåœã§ãã£ãïŒã«å¯Ÿããå«ã®ã¢ã¬ã¯ãµã³ãã«4äžãåŒè·ããŠåŸãåå©ãèšå¿µããŠã圌ã®ååããšã¹ãã©ãããã§ã«å€æŽããã
TOP 6:
ã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã®ã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒã
ã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã®ã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒãïŒ*ã¹ããã¯ãã«ã ã1626幎12æ8æ¥-â ããŒãã1689幎4æ19æ¥ïŒã¯ãã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã®å¥³çïŒ1632-1654ïŒãšãã¬ãŒã¡ã³å
¬çµå€«äººãšãã§ã«ãã³ã®ç女ïŒ1648-1654ïŒã§ãããã°ã¹ã¿ãIIã¢ãã«ãã©ãšãã©ã³ãã³ãã«ã¯ã®ããªã¢ãšã¬ãã¢ã®åšãèžè¡ãšåŸæŽè
ã®ä¿è·è
ã圌ã¯1654幎ã«ã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã®çäœãæŸæ£ããŸãããåã幎ã«çãŸãããããã¹ã¿ã³ãã¯ã«ããªãã¯ã«æ¹å®ããŸããã圌ã¯ããŒãã§63æ³ã§äº¡ããªããŸããã 16æ³ã®ãšããã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒãã¯çåœè©è°äŒã®äŒè°ã«åºåžãå§ããåé¡ãªãçåœã®æ³ãšè¡æ¿ã«ã€ããŠã®ç¥èã瀺ããŸããã 18æ³ã§åœŒå¥³ã¯æ人ãã䞻暩ã®å°äœã«å°±ãããªã¯ã»ã³ã·ã¥ãã£ãšãéŠçžã«ä»£ãã£ãŠåŸã
ã«è·åã«å°±ããã 1645幎ã圌ã¯ãã³ããŒã¯ïŒããã³ã»ããæ¡çŽïŒãšã®å¹³åæ¡çŽã«ç©æ¥µçã«åå ãã圌ã®çåœã«ãšã£ãŠæå©ã«ãªã£ãã 1648幎ãã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã¯30幎éã®æŠäºãçµããããå¹³åã®ãŠã§ã¹ããã¡ãªã¢ã«çœ²åããçåœã¯ãã«ãæµ·å°åã®èŠæš©ã®å°äœã«çœ®ãããŸãããã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒããšãªã¯ã»ã³ãã£ãšãå€çžã¯ãåæã®å®æœæ¹æ³ã«éãããããæçµçã«å¥³çã«åœŒãã®æèŠã課ããŸããã 1650幎10æ17æ¥ãã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒãã®æŽå åŒãã¹ããã¯ãã«ã ã§éå¬ãããŸããããç¥ãã¯å€ããæ°é±éç¶ããŸãããæ
£ç¿ã«ãããšã圌ã¯ããšãã®ã«ã«ãã¹ã»ã°ã¹ã¿ããåŸç¶è
ãšåä»ãããã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³ã®äž»æš©ã¯æ°å¹Žåã«ãã«ããªãã¯ãšèŠãªãããäœåã®ç Žå£ãå«ãå®æéäºã«ãã£ãŠæå·ããã圌女ã®çåœã®æåçç掻ãçºå±ãããããã«å§ãŸã£ãŠããŸããã圌ã¯ãç¥æµã¯çåœã®æ±ã§ããããšããã¢ãããŒãæ¡çšããŸããïŒã³ã©ã regni sapientiaïŒãæåã®ä¿è·è
ã®å声ãæ¡å€§ãå§ãããšãŒãããã®èåãªç¥è人ã圌女ã®ãããžã§ã¯ãã«èå³ã瀺ããŸãããã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒãã¯åœŒããåŸæŽãéããŠåœŒå¥³ã®æ³å»·ã«åŒãä»ããå¯èœæ§ãèŠãŸããããã®ããã«ããŠãã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒããäœå¹Žãé£çµ¡ãåãåã£ããã©ã³ã¹ã®ç¥è人ã«ããã«ã«ãã¯ã1649幎ã«ã¹ããã¯ãã«ã ã«å°çãã5ãæåŸã«åãéœåžã§ç
æ°ã§äº¡ããªããŸããã 1652幎ãèžè¡å®¶ã®ã»ãã¹ãã£ã³ãã«ãã³ãå°çããŸããã圌ã¯ã女çã®éäœãŸã§2幎é宮廷ç»å®¶ãšããŠåããåž°åœããªããã°ãªããŸããã§ãããã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒãã¯çµµç»ãé«ãè©äŸ¡ããã¹ãã€ã³ã®ãã§ãªã4äžã«åœŒã®ã®ã£ã©ãªãŒã®2ã€ã®äž»èŠãªå®ç©ã§ããä»æ¥ã®ãã¥ãŒã©ãŒãã¢ãã ãã€ãã®äœåããã©ãçŸè¡é€šã§èŽãããšãèºèºããŸããã§ãããããŒãã§ã®æ»åšäžãæåç掻åã¯ãèžè¡å®¶ãç§åŠè
ãç¥è人ã圌女ã®éžå®
ã«éãå§ãã圌ããã¢ã«ãããŒã®åœ¢ã§åºæ¬çãªæ§é ãäžãã圌ãã話ãåããäœæã§ãã女çã®ãããžã§ã¯ãã§æ°ããªæŽ»æ°ãåãæ»ããŸãããæãèåãªããšã«ã䞻暩è
ã¯çµŠä»éãå²ãåœãŠãå Žåã«ãã£ãŠã¯å¹Žéãå²ãåœãŠãŸããããœããªã³ã¯èå€åŠã«èå³ãæã¡ãéãããåå
¥ã«ãããããããããã€ãã®çºæã«è³éãæäŸããŸããã圌ã¯ãåŸã«ã¹ãã€ã³ã®ãã§ãªã5äžã«ãã£ãŠè²·åããããã¥ãŒãºã®ã°ã«ãŒããªã©ãå€ä»£ã®åœ«å»ã®åªããã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãéããŸããããããã®ãã¥ãŒãºã¯ãçŸåšãã©ãçŸè¡é€šã«ãããã©ãã¡ãšã«ã¢ããªã«ãã£ãŠæ¹é ãããçŸè¡é€šã®æ°ããæ¥å圢ã®éšå±ã䞻宰ããŠããŸãã圌ã¯ãŸãã宮殿ã«å€©æå°ã建èšãã2人ã®å€©æåŠè
ãéãã空ãçºããã®ã«äœæéãè²»ãããŸãããã¢ã«ãããŒã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãã¬ãªã¬ãªã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ã«å
±æããããšã§è¿«å®³ãããççåŠè
ã®ãžã§ãã³ãã¢ã«ãã©ã³ãœãã¬ããªãªã©ã®ç§åŠè
ãé
äºããŸããããã«ãã«ããã¹ãããã¢ã¬ããµã³ããã¹ã«ã«ã©ããã£ãã¢ã«ã«ã³ãžã§ãã³ã¬ããªãã¢ã¬ããµã³ããã¹ãã©ãã©ãªã©ã®ãã¥ãŒãžã·ã£ã³ããã«ã«ãã¢ã¬ããµã³ããã®ãã£ããŽã£ã³ãã§ã³ãã©ããã£ãªã«ããªã©ã®è©©äººãããã¯åœŒã圌ã®ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ããã§ãã€ãŠåœŒãæçã€ãã»ã³ãXã®å¥œæã倱ã£ããšãã«åœŒãä¿è·ãã圫å»å®¶ãžã£ã³ã»ãã¬ã³ãã©ã»ãã«ããŒããšã®åœŒã®åæ
ã«æ³šç®ãã䟡å€ããããŸãããã®è±å¯ãªã©ã€ãã©ãªãèªç±ãªçºæ³ã§ã¯ãªã¹ãã£ãŒãã¯å®æç迫害ã«å察ããããšãèºèºããã圌女ã¯1686幎ã«ããŒãã®ãŠãã€äººãæè·ãããããã§ã¹ããçºè¡šããã圌ã¯ãŸãã1685幎ã®ãŠã°ããŒã®è¿«å®³ã«ã€ããŠã«ã€14äžãå³ããéé£ãã1685幎ã«å€äº€äžã®å
é€ãšããŒãã§ã®äº¡åœã®æš©å©ãæé€ããæå³ã§æçã€ãã»ã³ã11äžãšå¯Ÿç«ããŸããã
TOP 5:
ãã£ãµãªã³ã»ã¶ã»ã°ã¬ãŒã
倧çïŒãšã«ããªãŒãã¢ã¬ã¯ã»ã€ãšããããã·ã¢èªïŒÐкаÑеÑОМаÐелОкаÑïŒãšåŒã°ãããã·ã¢ã®ãã£ãµãªã³2äžã¯ã1729幎5æ2æ¥ã«ããŒã©ã³ããçŸåšãã¡ã©ãã¢ã®ã·ã¥ãã§ãã³ïŒã·ã¥ãããã£ã³ïŒã§çãŸãããµã³ã¯ãããã«ãã«ã¯ã§11æ17æ¥ã«äº¡ããªããŸãããã°ã¬ãŽãªãªæŠã«ãããš1796幎ã圌女ã¯1762幎6æ28æ¥ãã圌女ã®æ»ãŸã§34幎éãã·ã¢ã®çåãšããŠåèšããŸããã
TOP 4:
ããªãŒã»ã¢ã³ãã¯ããã
ããªã¢ã»ã¢ã³ããã¢ã»ãã»ãã¡ã»ãã¢ãã»ãã»ããã¹ãã«ãŽã»ãã¬ãŒãïŒãŠã£ãŒã³ã1755幎11æ2æ¥-ããªã1793幎10æ16æ¥ïŒããªãŒã¹ããªã¢ã®ããªãŒã»ã¢ã³ãã¯ãããããã³ã¬ãªãŒãšãããã¢ã®ç女ããªãŒã¹ããªã¢ã®å€§å
¬ã女çã®åã§ç¥ããããã©ã³ã¹ãšããã©ïŒ1774â1791ïŒã®é
å¶è
ãããã³ã«ã€16äžãšçµå©ãããã©ã³ã¹ïŒ1791ã1792ïŒã®é
å¶è
ã
TOP 3:
ã€ã³ã°ã©ã³ãã®ãšãªã¶ãã¹1äž
ãšãªã¶ãã¹1äžïŒè±èªïŒãšãªã¶ãã¹1äžã¯ããã°ãã°ãŽã¡ãŒãžã³ã¯ã€ãŒã³ãã°ããªã¢ãŒãããŸãã¯ã°ããã¯ã€ãŒã³ãã¹ïŒã°ãªãããžã1533幎9æ7æ¥-ãªããã¢ã³ãã1603幎3æ24æ¥ïŒãšããŠç¥ããã17幎以æ¥ã€ã³ã°ã©ã³ããšã¢ã€ã«ã©ã³ãã®å¥³çã§ããã 1558幎11æ圌ã®æ»ã®æ¥ãŸã§ããšãªã¶ãã¹ã¯ãã¥ãŒããŒæã®5çªç®ã§æåŸã®åäž»ã§ããããšã³ãªã±8äžã®åšã圌女ã¯ç女ãšããŠçãŸããŸãããã圌女ã®æ¯èŠªã§ããã¢ããã¬ãŒãã¯3æ³ã®ãšãã«åŠåãããŸãããã€ãµãã«ã¯3æ³ã§éåæ³ã®åšãšå®£èšãããŸããããããã圌女ã®åå
åŒã§ãããšãã¥ã¢ã«ã6äžãšããªã¢1äžã®æ»åŸãã€ã¶ãã«ã¯çäœã«å°±ããŸããã圌ãåã£ãæåã®ã¹ãããã®1ã€ã¯ãããŒãã«ç¬ç«ãããããã¹ã¿ã³ãæäŒãèšç«ããããšã§ããããã®æäŒã¯ãåŸã«çŸåšã®ã€ã³ã°ã©ã³ãæäŒã«çºå±ãããã®æé«æš©åšãšãªããŸããããšãªã¶ãã¹ã¯çµå©ããããšãæåŸ
ãããŠããŸããããè°äŒããã®ããã€ãã®èŠæ±ã«ããããããã圌女ã¯ããããŸããã§ããããšãªã¶ãã¹ã倧ãããªãã«ã€ããŠã圌女ã®åŠå¥³ã¯åœŒå¥³ãæåã«ããã«ã«ãã¯åœŒå¥³ã®åšãã«æé·ããåœæã®èåç»ããã¬ãŒããæåŠã§ç¥ãããŸããã女çã¯16äžçŽåŸåã«å®æäžã®çç±ã§åè£ããåœãåŒãç¶ããŸããã圌ã®çµ±æ²»ã®éãã€ã®ãªã¹ã¯ãŠã£ãªã¢ã ã·ã§ã€ã¯ã¹ãã¢ãã¯ãªã¹ããã¡ãŒããŒããŠãªã©ã®äººç©ãšãšãã«çŽ æŽãããæåççŽ æŽããããæã£ãŠããŸããããã©ã³ã·ã¹ãã¬ã€ã¯ãšãžã§ã³ããŒãã³ã¹ãéèŠãªäººç©ã§ãã圌ã¯ãã§ãªã2äžãšã®å·ããããªé¢ä¿ãç¶æãããã§ãªã2äžãšã¯äž¡åœãçµæžçã«ç Žå£ããæŠäºãç¹°ãåºããã圌ã®44幎127æ¥ã®çµ±æ²»ã¯ãã€ã®ãªã¹ã®ãã¯ããªã¢1äžããžã§ãŒãž3äžããšãªã¶ãã¹2äžããšãã¯ãŒã3äžã®çµ±æ²»ã«æ¬¡ãã§ãè±åœå²äž4çªç®ã«é·ã
TOP 2:
ã¯ã¬ãªããã©
ã¯ã¬ãªããã©Filopatorãã¢ãã¢ãã¯ã¬ãªããã©VIIïŒã®ãªã·ã£èªïŒÎλεοÏάÏÏαΊιλοÏάÏÏÏïŒã¯ãããã¬ãã€ãªã¹æã®å€ä»£ãšãžããã®æåŸã®å¥³çã§ãããã©ã®ãçæãšãåŒã°ããŠããŸããããã®çæã¯ãã¢ã¬ããµã³ããŒå€§çã®å°è»ããã¬ãã€ãªã¹1äžã«ãã£ãŠäœããããšãžããã®ãããããã¬ããºã æ代ã®æåŸã§ããããŸãããã¯ã¬ãªããã©ã¯69幎é ã«çãŸããŸããã C. 30æ³ã§äº¡ããªããŸããã Cã¯ãã¯ã¬ãªããã©Vããªãã§ããšããã¬ãã€ãªã¹12äžã®åšã§ã51æ³ã§çäœãç¶æ¿ããŸããã C. 18æ³ååŸã§ã12æ³ã§ã圌女ã®å€«ïŒããã¬ãã€ãªã¹ç宀ã®çµå©ã§é »ç¹ã«çºçããïŒã§ãã圌女ã®å
åŒããã¬ãã€ãªã¹XIIIãšäžç·ã«ã
TOP 1:
ã€ã¶ãã©ã«ããªãã¯
ã«ããªãã¯ãšåŒã°ããã«ã¹ãã£ãŒãªã£ã®ãµãã«1äžïŒãããªã¬ã«ãã©ã¹ã¢ã«ã¿ã¹ãã¬ã¹ã1451幎4æ22æ¥-ã¡ãã£ããã«ã«ã³ãã1504幎11æ26æ¥ïŒã¯ã1474幎ãã1504幎ãŸã§ã¯ã«ã¹ãã£ãŒãªã£ã®å¥³çã§ããã1469幎ããã·ããªã¢å³¶ãšã¢ã©ãŽã³ã®å¥³çã§ããã 1479幎以æ¥ã3æ³ãããã€ã¶ãã«ã¯ãã¢ã³IIãã¢ã©ãŽã³ã®æ¯åã§ãããã§ã«ãã³ãã«åŸäºããŠããŸããããããããšã³ãªã±4äžã¯ãã®å¥çŽã6幎åŸã«ç ŽãããŽã£ã¢ãã®çåã§ããã«ã«ãã¹ãšåŠ¥åããŸããããã¢ã³2äžãã¢ã©ãŽã³ã®åŒ·ãå察ã®ããã«ãçµå©ã¯çµ±åãããŸããã§ããããšãªã¶ãã¹ã®2床ã®åŸå
åŒã§ããã圌女ã®å
茩ã§ãã20æ³ã§ãããã«ãã¬ã«ã®ã¢ã«ãã©ã³ãœ5äžãšåœŒå¥³ãçµå©ããããã³ãªãŒ4äžã®è©Šã¿ã倱æããŸããã 1464幎ã圌ã¯ãªããšãããããã°ã¢ãã«ãŒãä¿®éé¢ã§åäŒãããŸããããäž¡è
ã®å¹Žéœ¢å·®ã®ããã«åœŒå¥³ã¯åœŒãæåŠããŸããããã®åŸã圌女ã16æ³ã®ãšããã€ã¶ãã«ã¯ã«ã©ãã©ãã®ãã¹ã¿ãŒã§ãã³ãã¡ã³ããã§ã³ã®å
åŒã§ãããã³ããããžãã³ã«åŸäºããŸãããã€ã¶ãã«ã¯43æ³ã®å©çŽãèµ·ãããªãããšã倩åœã«ç¥ã£ããšèšãããŠããŸãããã³ãããã¯å©çŽè
ã«äŒãããã«æ
ãããŠããéã«è«åçã®çºäœã§äº¡ããªããŸããã 1468幎9æ18æ¥ãã€ã¶ãã«ã¯ã³ã³ã³ã«ãã£ã¢ããã¹ããã¹ãã®ãµã³ããéããŠã¢ã¹ãã¥ãªã¢ã¹ç女ãšããŠå®£èšãããŸããããšã³ãªã±4äžã¯ãã€ã¶ãã«ãšãã«ãã¬ã«ã®ã¢ã«ãã©ã³ãœ5äžçãšã®é¢ä¿ã«ã€ããŠå床åæããŸãããããã¯ãã®ã¶ã³ãã®ãã«ãºæ¡çŽã§ãã€ã¶ãã«ã®çµå©ãã«ã¹ãã£ãŒãªã£åäž»ã®æ¿èªãåŸãŠç¥ãã¹ãã§ããããšãåæãããŠããããã§ãããšãªã¶ãã¹ã®æåŠã«çŽé¢ããŠãçã¯åœŒå¥³ã«ãã©ã³ã¹ã®ã«ã€11äžã®å
åŒã§ããã¬ã€ãšãå
¬çµãšçµå©ãããããšãããäžæ¹ããã¢ã³IIãã¢ã©ãŽã³ã¯æ¯åã®ãã§ã«ãã³ããšç§å¯è£ã«ã€ã¶ãã«ãšçµå©åŒã亀æžããããšãããã€ã¶ãã«ãšåœŒå¥³ã®é¡§åã¯ã圌女ã倫ã®æé«ã®åè£è
ã§ãããšèããŸãããçµå©ã¯ã€ã¶ãã«ã芪æã®åé
ã«ãã£ãŠæçã®éçã麻çºãããããã«ãªã£ã圌女ã®ç¶å
åŒãšã®å¯Ÿç«ã«è² ããŸãããæåŸã«ããã¬ã倧åžæã®èª¿ååŸã1471幎12æ1æ¥ãæçã·ã¯ã¹ãã¥ã¹4äžã¯ãã€ã¶ãã«çåãšãã§ã«ãã³ãçåã«è¡æé¢ä¿ãæãããã·ãã³ã«ã¹ã®éçãéããŠããªã³ã¯ã®æ£èŠã®åæ³æ§ã«ã€ããŠã®çåã解æ¶ããŸããã ã圌ã¯ã¹ãã€ã³ç¶æ¿æŠäºïŒ1475-1480ïŒã§åå©ãã姪ã®ãã¢ãã®æ¯æè
ãšåããåã£ãŠçäœã«å°±ããŸãããã€ã¶ãã«ã¯1474幎12æ13æ¥ãã®ãµã³ãã®ãã«ãºæ¡çŽã«åºã¥ããŠã»ãŽãã¢ã§ã«ã¹ãã£ãŒãªã£ã®å¥³çãšå®£èšãããŸããã圌女ã®åäŸãã¡ãšäžç·ã«åœŒå¥³ã¯å³ããã£ãããè¯ãæ¯èŠªã§ããã圌ãã«ã¯çã®åäŸãšããŠã®å°äœã®ããã®çŸ©åãããããã®ããã«å€ããç ç²ã«ããªããã°ãªããªãã£ãããšã圌ãã«ç解ãããã圌ã¯è£å€æãšç§åŠè
ã®å€ãã®æ¹å€ãšäžå©ãªæ¿æ²»çåå¿ã«ãããããããã¯ãªã¹ããã¡ãŒã»ã³ãã³ãã¹ã®ãããžã§ã¯ããä¿¡ããŸãããäŒèª¬ã«ãããšã圌ã¯ãžã¥ãšãªãŒã䜿ã£ãŠãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®çºèŠã«ã€ãªããæ
è¡ã«è³éãæäŸããããã§ããããã¯å®éã«ã¯å人ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã§ããã圌女ãšçµå©ããããã«ãã§ã«ãã³ããã¢ã©ãŽã³ã®èšªåã«è³éãæäŸããã®ãšåããã®ã§ããããã§ã«ãã³ããšã®å
±é統治ã®éã«ãèãªãç°ç«¯å¯©åæã®èšç«ïŒ1480ïŒãèãªãåèå£ã®åµèšãã°ã©ããã®ãã¹ãªãçåœã®ç·šå
¥ããªãã³ã«å®æççµ±äžãªã©ãçåœã®æªæ¥ã«ãšã£ãŠéåžžã«éèŠãªåºæ¥äºãèµ·ãããŸããè¿œæŸã®çã¿ã«ãããŠãã€äººã®åŒ·å¶æ¹å®ã«åºã¥ããã¹ãããã¯ã®çå ïŒã°ã©ããã®å
什ã1492幎ïŒãšãã®åŸã®ã€ã¹ã©ã æåŸãæåŸã«ãããã©ïŒ1512ïŒã®äœµåïŒå¥³çã¯æ»ãã ïŒã¯ãå°æ¥ã®ã¹ãã€ã³çåœã®èµ·æºãæå³ããŸããã圌ã®è»äºãã£ã³ããŒã³ã®ããã«ã圌ã¯ã°ã©ããã®åŸæïŒ1492幎ïŒãã€ã¿ãªã¢ã®æåã®2ã€ã®æŠäºãããã³ã±ãã¡ããã¢ïŒ1500幎ïŒã®æç²ã«ä»å
¥ãããŽã³ãµããã§ã«ãã³ãã¹ãã³ã«ããïŒå€§è¹é·ïŒã«ä»ããŸããã
ãã®ä»ã®ãªã¹ã